Надо ли выкапывать лилии на зиму, а если да, то как их хранить

Лилия – многолетнее растение, которое насчитывает около 80 видов. Нужно ли выкапывать лилии на зиму, ведь это растение луковичное. Оказывается, что не все сорта выкапывают осенью. Чтобы сохранить луковички соблюдают определенные правила и определяют сроки уборки для хранения.

Зачем копать лилии на зиму

Не все лилии целесообразно убирать на зиму. Иногда целесообразно оставить их зимовать в почве. Необходимость уборки луковиц лилий для хранения зависит от нескольких факторов:

• климатических особенностей местности;
• сорта растений.

Если сорт создавался для выращивания в этой климатической полосе, то его оставляют для зимовки на грядке. Азиатские, трубчатые, мартагон, орлеанские гибриды  прекрасно зимуют в почве в средней полосе России. Более теплолюбивые разновидности лучше выкопать и снова посадить весной.

Если на клумбе растут лилии, которые предназначены для выращивания в более теплой климатической зоне, то их стоит выкопать, так как они не перенесут зимних холодов. Если прогнозируется мягкая снежная зима, то организовывают дополнительное укрытие и оставляют цветы в земле. Сохранить на грядке под укрытием можно некоторые восточные виды, ОТ-, ЛОО-, ЛА- гибриды.

Обязательно выкапывают гибриды лилий, которые были получены на основе восточных и американских сортов. Очень нежные и капризные трубчатые лилии, их можно оставлять зимовать на грядке лишь в южных регионах. Они погибают в условиях российских зим. В том случае, если луковицы этих растений сохранятся, они все равно не зацветут на следующий год. Чтобы получить красивое цветение такие теплолюбивые сорта капают на зиму, а весной снова сажают.

На заметку!

Один раз в 5-7 лет даже зимостойкие сорта выкапывают, чтобы пересадить. Из-за большого образования дочерних луковичек цветам будет тесно расти.

Когда выкапывают лилию

Период, когда нужно убирать луковицы этих цветов на хранение, зависит от нескольких факторов. В первую очередь, от сорта. Чем позднее срок цветения, тем позже выкапывают растение:

• ранние сорта начинают убирать с 15 по 25 августа;
• поздние виды выкапывают с 1 по 10 сентября.

Сроки могут меняться в зависимости от готовности лилий к уборке, а также от климатических особенностей местности. Но уже к 1 октября все лилии должны быть выкопаны.

Когда лилии готовы к уборке

Луковицы лилий до уборки накапливают питательные вещества из листвы и стеблей. Поэтому убирать наземную зеленую часть не стоит даже после цветения. Нужно просто убрать коробочки с семенами. Они отнимают у растения много питательных веществ. По этой же причине прищипывают побеги, которые начали образовываться в конце лета. Они не успеют вырасти, а сил отнимать у культуры будут много.

При срезке цветов для букетов стебли полностью не удаляют. Оставляют пеньки высотой 15-20 см. Стебли оставляют высыхать естественным путем. К моменту уборки наземная часть лилий должна начать увядать и изменить цвет на желтый. С момента цветения до полного созревания луковиц проходит от 30 до 45 суток.

Корректировка сроков в зависимости от региона

Определяют готовность луковичек к уборке по внешним признакам. Если ботва еще зеленая можно дождаться первых заморозков и потом выкопать.

В средней полосе, например, Подмосковье, уборка может проводиться вплоть до первой декады октября. В более холодных регионах (Ленинградская область) уборку проводят на 7-10 дней раньше.

В Сибири и на Урале критические температуры для этих цветов наступают уже в середине сентября. К этому времени следует убрать луковицы. Для южных теплых территорий разрешается оставлять зимовать даже теплолюбивые разновидности.

На заметку!

Определять срок выкапывания лилий нужно индивидуально, так как температура в одном регионе может разниться до 10 градусов.

Рекомендации лунного календаря

Давно замечено влияние Луны на процессы, происходящие на Земле. В том числе расположение светила оказывает влияние на растения и их рост. Существуют определенные дни, когда лучше всего заниматься выкапыванием и пересадкой лилий и других луковичных растений.

Месяц	Благоприятные дни	Неблагоприятные дни
Июль	5-9, 11-15, 18-23, 26-29	1, 2, 10, 17
Август	4-14, 17-22, 25-28	1, 15, 23, 29, 30
Сентябрь	3-6, 9-13, 16-21, 24-27, 30	7,14, 15, 27, 28

Неблагоприятными для любых агротехнических работ являются фазы Новолуния и Полнолуния, а также двое суток до и после.

Как правильно убрать лилии

Выкапывание луковиц для хранения проводят с соблюдением определенных правил. Существует приблизительная инструкция, которая поможет не совершить ошибок.

1. Первоначально подготавливают участок. Убирают старые листья, мелкий мусор. После цветения лилии, которые остаются зимовать, нужно пометить табличками, чтобы не перепутать сорта при уборке.
2. Высохшие стебли срезают под корень.
3. Луковицы убирают с помощью вил. Аккуратно извлекают ком почвы вместе с луковицами.
4. Корни обрезают, оставляя пенечки около 5-7 см. Каждую луковиц осматривают, чтобы сразу удалить подгнившие, поврежденные участки. Их убирают острым ножом.
5. Извлеченный посевной материал замачивают в растворе любого фунгицида на 10-15 минут.
6. После замачивания луковицы сушат на решетке, чтобы не было прямых солнечных лучей.
7. Детки отламывают от родительских луковиц и помещают их в емкость с песком.

Далее, поступают в зависимости от сорта: укладывают на хранение или сажают обратно на грядку.

Правила хранения

Чтобы луковички сохранились до весны и дали красивое цветение, нужно обеспечить благоприятные условия для хранения. Можно хранить цветы в слегка увлажненных опилках, которые насыпают в полиэтиленовые пакеты. Чтобы луковицы не начали гнить, в пакетах делают несколько отверстий для вентиляции.

Лилии аккуратно укладывают слоями, между ними насыпают опилки. Посадочный материал хранят в помещении с благоприятными условиями. Влажность воздуха поддерживают не более 50-60%. В помещении поддерживают температуру в интервале от 0 до 5 ^оС.

Подобрать благоприятные условия можно в разных помещениях:

• на балконе при стабильной температуре 0-2 ^оС;
• в неотапливаемом подвале;
• в погребе.

Если нет подобных помещений, то располагают пакеты с цветами в холодильнике в отсеке для овощей и фруктов. Конечно, это не самое оптимальное место, но если другого варианта нет, то можно воспользоваться таким вариантом.

Убирают лилии на хранение зимой не все сорта. Зимостойкие разновидности лучше оставить в земле. Выкапывать цветы нужно с соблюдением правил, а также обеспечить благоприятные условия, чтобы не испортить посадочный материал.

90000 How and when to dig lilies for the winter 90001 90002 Virtually every floriculturist of our country hasIts site of amazing white representatives of the kingdom of the flora. But not everyone knows when to dig lilies, so that they do not crush and do not die in the next year. Variety of varieties allows you to grow bright yellow, pink, almost red and rich purple species, so you want to keep expensive bulbs, and not buy new ones every season. 90003 90002 Determining when it is possible to dig out lilies, foryou need to know their variety, since there are enough winter-hardy specimens that do not need a transplant at all.However, if the issue of preserving bulbs exists, then you can prepare for the following plan: 90003 90006 90007 We buy a special one or look for a suitable container for lilies. 90008 90007 It will also require simple peat, pots made of it or specially calcined river sand. 90008 90007 We choose a room in which there will be a suitable temperature, or an old, but a working refrigerator. 90008 90013 90002 It does not matter whether lilies dig for the winter, evenwinter-resistant varieties usually need additional insulation.The best option for conserving bulbs in the open ground will be mulching the soil with the help of swallowing leaves or traditional manure. The layer of such a «blanket» should be at least 10-12 cm. Also, all the territory where flowers grow, you can fall asleep with a dense grass and small branches. 90003 90002 When to dig a lily in the beginning of autumn? It is worth considering that there are sorts that are afraid of the cold. Such species necessarily require the extraction of bulbs from the soil, for example, it may be the Orleans hybrids, Candidum or exquisite oriental representatives not adapted to wintering in Russia.Also dig out those lilies that are intended for forcing in peat pots in winter. 90003 90002 Bulbs are removed immediately after the finalwilting, usually this time falls on the middle of September-October, however, the period can be shifted depending on the variety and geographical location of the flower garden. When digging out lilies, it is not so important, the main thing is the proper storage of the material. Bulbs diligently ventilate and gently shake off all the earth from them, but you need to make sure that the young roots and scales are not affected.If you cut off fresh heights — the lily will die. 90003 90002 In a clean, prepared container pour the layersand or peat, then lay the bulbs, observing between them a distance of 3-4 mm. On top of the first row fall asleep for 1-2 cm with the same soil and put in the box other lilies. The operation is repeated until the bulbs run out, but do not make more than 3-4 layers, so as not to mash the lower plants. Store the container in a refrigerator or cool room where it is observed 90003 I temperature + 4 + 6 90022 about 90023 In winter it will be necessary to examine the onions several times.If they begin to dry out, they can be slightly sprinkled with water to maintain healthy roots. 90002 When to dig a lily, if there is a basement? The presence of a non-freezing, but cool room allows you to transplant another flowering plant into a normal peat pot, and after the death of the stem, place it for storage. Two weeks before the spring landing, you need to start watering the bulbs. And after the appearance of the first sprout, you can place the lily along with the peat pot on a permanent place in the open ground.90003 .90000 When to Dig Up & Replant Tiger Lilies | Home Guides 90001 90002 Tiger lilies (Lilium tigrinum, L. lancifolium) are an old-fashioned lily that has largely been pushed out of the public imagination by the newer Asiatic hybrids. The stunning orange speckled blooms of tiger lily bring back memories of grandma’s flower garden, where it nodded happily among the lilacs and peonies. Lifting and dividing tiger lilies is no more difficult than other true lilies that grow in U.S. Department of Agriculture hardiness zones 4 through 9.90003 90004 Digging Bulbs 90005 90002 Wait to lift tiger lilies until their foliage has yellowed and collapsed in the fall, or before they begin growing in late winter. Between fall dormancy and spring’s awakening, the bulb is ready for division since it has already stored up as much food as possible. A few brave souls dig and divide tiger lilies in the summer, when they are at the height of their bloom. Division at this time is tricky, but does allow the gardener to be absolutely certain where each bulb is located.Remove the flowering head during transplant so the plant will put all its energy into storing food for the winter. Water summer-divided tiger lilies frequently until they’ve reestablished themselves. 90003 90004 Dividing Lilies 90005 90002 Tiger lilies should be dug every few years, or when bloom performance begins to decline. All true lilies have a bulb that resembles a head of garlic, only without the papery sheath. They dry out very easily, so keep a plastic bag handy to put divided bulbs into if you have several tiger lilies to divide.Division is easy, simply break the smaller bulbs from the outside of the central bulb, being careful not to damage them. 90003 90004 Bulbils 90005 90002 Another means of propagating tiger lilies is with the bulbils that form along the stem. These small, blackish bulbs emerge between the leaves along the stalk. They will drop from the plant when they are fully developed, but try to catch them before they hit the ground in the fall. If you are in a hurry to get a huge stand of tiger lilies going, planting bulbils will speed the process significantly without stressing your tiger lilies.These smaller bulbs may take up to two years to bloom, so spread them between fully formed bulbs to eliminate thin areas in your bed .. 90003 90004 Planting Tiger Lilies 90005 90002 Select a location for your new tiger lily bulbs that is well-draining or amend a less-than-ideal bed with generous amounts of organic compost to create a well-draining bed. Plant bulbs in groups of at least three, 8 to 10 inches apart and 4 to 6 inches deep for the bigger bulbs. Plant bulbils and very small bulbs no more than 2 inches deep.Because tiger lilies often vector lily mosaic virus, it’s best to keep them isolated from other lilies. 90003.90000 When to Divide Lily Bulbs? | Home Guides 90001 90002 By SF Gate Contributor Updated June 16, 2020 90003 90002 According to Mike’s Backyard Garden, dividing daylilies helps them grow and thrive. They can be tall or short and come in ever color imaginable. Lilies bloom in the spring and summer. They are considered perennials and grow in U.S. Department of Agriculture hardiness zones 2 through 9. Lilies develop from bulbs that multiply every two or three years. Some varieties grow slower than others and may not need division as often as other types of bulbs.90003 90006 Reasons for Dividing Daylilies 90007 90002 When dividing daylilies, it’s important to remember that they require growing room for bulbs and space above the soil line so the foliage can collect sunlight and transfer energy back to the bulbs. They self-propagate through division by growing and splitting into sections, with each new bulb producing another lily. The lilies can become overcrowded and fight for soil nutrients and room. When this happens, the blooms may be smaller or less frequent, the foliage may be shorter or the plants may succumb to disease and die.As a general rule of thumb, if crowded conditions exist, the time for division is as soon as possible. 90003 90010 The Best Time to Transplant Lilies 90007 90002 Lily bulbs should be divided on a dry, cloudy day. However, depending upon your location, the best time to transplant lilies varies. Early spring division allows the bulbs to build up a strong root system and gives cramped bulbs a chance to grow and send up strong shoots. Fall division gives bulbs a chance to establish a strong root system over the winter; however, they may not bloom until the following year.When planting lily bulbs in autumn, it is best to do before cold temperatures hit, so their root systems can be established. 90003 90014 Dividing the Bulbs 90007 90002 Divide bulbs by color and height and place them accordingly. Lilies may not grow straight from the top of the bulb — the flower often sends out lateral shoot growth that comes up several inches away. Therefore, you must dig at least 6 to 8 inches away from the flower stems to avoid damaging the bulbs. Shovels can cut through a lily bulb, so use a garden fork to lift them.90003 90002 Untangle the roots by hand and separate the bulbs by gently pulling apart those that look like they’ve grown together. Check for rotted or soft bulbs and discard these, as they will not bloom and could spread diseases to the rest of the plants. When storing lily bulbs, keep them moist in a bag of peat moss or vermiculite until you can replant them. If necessary, place them in the refrigerator is until you can set them in the garden. 90003 90020 Replanting the Lily Bulbs 90007 90002 According to Garden.org, when replanting, till the flower bed to a depth of about 12 inches and add well-rotted manure or organic compost to the soil. Dig a hole 4 to 6 inches deep and place one lily bulb in the bottom of the hole with the basal end down and the pointed end facing up. Cover the lily bulb and water soil to a depth of at least 6 inches. Space the bulbs about 12 to 15 inches apart so the lilies can grow without competing with each other. In three or four years, when the plants have filled the space and blooms get smaller or less frequent, you’ll know, once again, that it’s the best time to transplant lilies.90003.90000 Water Lilies: Hardy and Tropical Water Lilies for Ponds 90001 90002 Water lilies (90003 Nymphaea 90004 species) are extremely valuable to the pond. They not only look great and flower well, but the floating leaves provide shade, eliminating the light needed by algae. They also provide a hiding place for fish and other water creatures. Water lilies should cover half of the open water space to help maintain a balanced ecosystem. They do best in quiet water, so keep them away from fountains and waterfalls.90005 90002 Water lily pond at Longwood Gardens, by Robert Pavlis 90005 90002 Water lilies can grow into large plants. The tubers elongate and divide each year, forming larger and larger clumps. Larger varieties will eventually take over the whole pond. They like lots of sun to bloom well, and if they are happy, they will bloom most of the summer and fall. In warm regions, they can bloom all year long. 90005 90002 Water lilies are available in two major categories, hardy and tropical. The hardy water lilies will grow well and overwinter outside in cold climates.The tropicals can also be grown in cold climates, but they need to be brought inside for the winter since they can not take frost. The tropical plants are more trouble for gardeners in cold climates, but their flowers are larger and the colors are more luminescent. Many gardeners think the extra effort is worth it. 90005 90002 Water lily showing mottled leaf, by Robert Pavlis 90005 90002 The plants themselves are available in various sizes. Small-leafed plants normally have smaller flowers and grow more slowly.Large-leafed ones have the largest flowers and grow faster. Medium-sized ones have characteristics half-way between the small and large. Match the size of plant to the size of pond. Large lilies should be given at least 100 square feet of open water space. The small ones will get lost in a big pond and are more suitable to small ponds and other small water features, including water tubs. These plants are quite adaptable to different water depths, but the large ones prefer being two to three feet deep and the small ones like to be 6 to 12 inches deep.If they are a bit too deep, it takes them longer to get leaves to the surface of the water in spring, but they will get there. Such plants will, over time, grow tubers higher up in the water to a level where they like to live. 90005 90002 Water lilies are heavy feeders, and many people feed them regularly, but that is not necessary. In a natural pond, the plants need to use the nutrients in the pond and not added fertilizer. In theory you could just lay the tubers on the bottom of the pond and they will grow.The problem is that the tubers float. Therefore it is better to put them into a pot along with some stones to hold them under water. Do not use any soil or fertilizer. In a year or two, they will outgrow the pot, and you can just let them do their own thing at the bottom of the pond. 90005 90002 When you add a new water lily to the pond, place it on a shallow shelf for a while until leaves grow. Once it is established, lower it to its final depth. Water lilies naturally replace leaves every few weeks, those that are now too low will simply be replaced with leaves that have a longer petiole.90005 90002 90005 90022 Hardy Water Lilies 90023 90002 Hardy water lilies grow in zones 4 to 11, and the flowers come in a variety of colors and shapes. Some even change their color as they age. Most varieties have green leaves, but some have a nice mottled color as well. For cold climate gardeners, these lilies bloom earlier in the year than tropicals, since they will bloom in colder water (60ºF). These easy-care plants have no problem with a winter freeze, provided that the tubers are below the ice.In warmer climates, they can flower all year long. 90005 90002 Water lily at Aspen Grove Gardens, by Robert Pavlis 90005 90002 Hardies, as they are known, will open their flowers in the morning and stay open all day. Late in the day and on cloudy days, they will close. Each flower lasts three to five days, with new ones continually being formed. An established plant will have several flowers open at any given time. 90005 90002 The plants can be left alone to continue growing until they get too big.At some point, you will have to get into the pond and remove the whole clump. If you do not do this every five years, the clump may get too big to remove. By this time, the plant will have made many side branches on the tuber, and you will be able to break or cut off any number of young growths. The rest can be given to friends. 90005 90022 Tropical Water Lilies 90023 90002 Tropical water lily, by Robert Pavlis 90005 90002 Tropical water lilies normally grow in zones 9 to 11, but they can be grown in colder zones as an annual.At the end of the season, bring them into the house over the winter and then return them in spring. 90005 90002 These lilies are available as day-blooming or night-blooming plants. Night bloomers, which tend to be more fragrant, will open their flowers at dusk and keep them open until about 10:00 am the following day, a couple of hours longer on cloudy days. Day bloomers open at about 9:00 am and close at 5:00 pm. People who work never see their day bloomers open except on weekends. Some varieties of day bloomers do stay open until late evening.All of these times are approximate and will change with climate, location, and variety. 90005 90002 Tropical water lily, by Robert Pavlis 90005 90002 90005 90002 The challenge with tropical water lilies in cold climates is overwintering them. They need to be kept at a minimum of 45ºF (7C). The best way to do this is to remove the plant from the pond in fall and cut off all leaves and flowers. You will be left with round tubers the size of a golf ball or even smaller. Pack these in a glass jar along with some damp peat moss and store at 45 to 50ºF (7-10C) for the winter.In spring take out the tubers and warm them up so that they start to grow. Return them to the pond once the temperature stays above 70ºF (21C). 90005 90002 90005 90022 Related Topics 90023 90002 90003 90052 Winterizing Ponds and Water Features 90053 90004 90005 90002 90003 90052 Beneficial Pond Bacteria — A Waste of Money 90053 90004 90005 90002 90003 90052 Pond Pumps & Pond Filters 90053 90004 90005 90002 90003 90052 Selecting the Best Pond Liner 90053 90004 90005 90022 Creating Natural Ponds 90023 90002 Learn how to create natural ponds without pumps, filters or chemicals: 90005 90002 90005 .